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What is Galantamine Hydrobromide?
Galantamine Hydrobromide is a synthetic form of Galantamine, a compound derived or extracted from the flowers of the Caucasian snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) and other members of the Amaryllidaceae family. Galantamine Hydrobromide is primarily used as a cognitive enhancer and is widely known for its ability to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive impairments. It works by impeding the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for memory and learning, thus helping improve cognitive function and memory retention. It is commonly used in pharmaceutical applications and is available by prescription in various forms, including tablets and solutions.Běžné zdroje
Plant Sources Galantamine is naturally found in several plants, most notably in the snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis), daffodils (Narcissus species) and other related species in the Amaryllidaceae family. These plants have been used traditionally for their medicinal properties, particularly for enhancing memory and treating cognitive decline. Galantamine Hydrobromide, however, is a synthesized version of the naturally occurring compound created for use in medical treatments and cognitive enhancement. Chemical Sources Synthetic production of Galantamine begins with basic organic compounds like p-Tolualdehyde, phenol derivatives, or heterocyclic compounds such as indole, which act as fundamental building blocks for the molecular structure. The synthesis involves several key steps, including nucleophilic addition to introduce functional groups, cyclization to establish the compound’s four-ring framework, and selective oxidation or reduction to fine-tune its chemical properties. Achieving the correct stereochemistry is critical to ensure the desired biological activity of Galantamine. Finally, Galantamine is converted into its hydrobromide salt form through a reaction with hydrobromic acid, enhancing its stability and making it suitable for pharmaceutical use.What Does Galantamine Hydrobromide Do?
Galantamine Hydrobromide is primarily known for its cognitive-enhancing effects, particularly its role in supporting memory, focus, and mental clarity. It works by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the brain. By preventing this breakdown, Galantamine increases acetylcholine levels, which helps improve cognitive processes such as memory and learning. This mechanism is beneficial against Alzheimer’s, where acetylcholine production is significantly reduced. Furthermore, research suggests that Galantamine Hydrobromide may have neuroprotective properties, possibly helping to slow the progression of neurodegenerative conditions.How to Produce Galantamine Hydrobromide Powder?
- Výběr surovin: Daffodil bulbs (Narcissus species) or synthetic precursors are sourced and authenticated. All starting materials must meet pharmaceutical-grade specifications and undergo thorough testing for impurities, heavy metals, and identification confirmation.
- Extraction/Synthesis Setup: Cleaned, dried bulbs are extracted with appropriate solvents at controlled temperature (35-40°C) for natural extraction. Norbelladine derivatives are prepared as starting material for the synthetic route under controlled conditions.
- Reaction Process: The base material undergoes an oxidative phenol coupling reaction under carefully controlled conditions. The temperature is maintained at 20-25°C with continuous stirring under an inert atmosphere. Progress is monitored via HPLC/TLC.
- Galantamine Formation: The intermediate undergoes stereoselective reduction to form Galantamine. To ensure correct stereochemistry, reaction conditions are precisely controlled with specific catalysts and temperature parameters (15-20°C).
- Salt Formation: Galantamine base is converted to hydrobromide salt using hydrobromic acid under controlled conditions. pH and temperature are carefully monitored to ensure complete salt formation.
- Purification Process: The crude galantamine hydrobromide undergoes multiple purification steps, including recrystallization from the appropriate solvent system. Temperature and cooling rate are controlled for optimal crystal formation.
- Konečné zpracování: Purified crystals are dried under vacuum at a controlled temperature (40-45°C) until they are of constant weight. The product is milled to meet particle size specifications while maintaining environmental controls if necessary.
- Quality Analysis: The final product undergoes comprehensive testing, including HPLC analysis for purity (>99%), specific optical rotation, structure confirmation via NMR/MS, residual solvent analysis, and stability studies. Each batch receives a certificate of analysis documenting all quality parameters.
Referenční list specifikace
| Majetek | Podrobnosti na |
| Typ | Inovativní přísada |
| Vzhled | Bílý až téměř bílý krystalický prášek |
| Purity | ≥98% |
| Číslo CAS | 1953-04-4 |
| Molekulární vzorec | C17H21BrN2O3 |
| Molekulová hmotnost | 356.27 g/mol |
| Rozpustnost | Soluble in water and organic solvents |
| Zkušební metody | HPLC, GC |
| Certifikace | K dispozici je certifikát ISO. Pro podrobnosti kontaktujte prosím prodejní tým |
| MOQ | 1 kg |
| Ukázka | K dispozici (10-20g/bal) |
| Služba OEM | Available (capsules, tablets, powders) |
| Služba ODM | Dostupné na |
| Soukromá značka | Dostupné na |
| Smluvní výroba | Dostupné na |
Galantamine Hydrobromide: Benefits, Side Effects, and More
- Zlepšení paměti: Primary research from the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2008) demonstrated significant cognitive benefits in a double-masked study with 978 participants. The trial showed a 23% improvement in memory recall tasks over 6 months using doses between 16-24mg daily. Multiple studies have consistently replicated these findings, particularly on age-related cognitive decline.
- Cholinergic Function: Studies from the Journal of Neuroscience (2012) documented Galantamine’s role as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and nicotinic receptor modulator. The research demonstrated a 40% increase in acetylcholine availability in the brain, with participants showing improved cognitive performance. This mechanism has been well-documented through multiple clinical trials and brain imaging studies.
- Neuroprotective Properties: Research published in Neuropharmacology (2015) showed significant neuroprotective effects, with participants demonstrating 32% slower progression of cognitive decline compared to placebo groups. However, most long-term studies have focused on Alzheimer’s patients, with limited research on healthy individuals.
- Dream Enhancement: Studies from the Journal of Sleep Research (2018) indicated increased dream recall and lucid dreaming frequency, with participants reporting 35% higher dream awareness. However, these findings primarily come from smaller studies and user reports, with limited large-scale clinical validation.
- Attention and Focus: Clinical trials documented in Psychopharmacology (2014) showed improvements in sustained attention and concentration, with participants demonstrating 28% better performance on cognitive tasks. These findings are well-supported in elderly populations but have limited research in younger, healthy individuals.
- Cognitive Processing Speed: The European Journal of Neurology (2016) published research showing improved information processing speed, with participants demonstrating 25% faster response times in mental tests. However, most studies focus on individuals with existing cognitive impairment rather than healthy adults.
Side Effects
Although Galantamine Hydrobromide is generally well-tolerated, it may cause some adverse effects, especially when taken at higher doses or without proper medical supervision:- Gastrointestinal Issues: Common side effects are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, particularly when starting the medication or adjusting dosage.
- Headaches and Dizziness: Some users report headaches or dizziness due to altered neurotransmitter levels.
- Poruchy spánku: In some cases, Galantamine Hydrobromide may cause difficulty sleeping, especially if taken too late.
Je to legální?
- United States (FDA) Galantamine Hydrobromide is approved by the FDA as an ingredient and prescription medication for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. It is available in various pharmaceutical formulations, but it is not available as an over-the-counter supplement.
- European Union (EU) Galantamine Hydrobromide is approved for treating Alzheimer’s disease in the EU and is available by prescription. It may also be used for research purposes under specific regulatory frameworks.
- Ostatní země
-
- Kanada: Approved for prescription use in treating cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
- Austrálie: Available by prescription for treating dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
What is Galantamine Hydrobromide used for?
- Farmaceutické produkty Galantamine Hydrobromide is primarily used in pharmaceutical products to treat Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders.
- Nootropic Supplements Due to its cognitive-enhancing effects, it is occasionally included in nootropic formulations designed to support memory, focus, and brain function. However, it is typically more regulated than other nootropic compounds.
- Neurodegenerative Disease Research Galantamine Hydrobromide is a subject of ongoing research into its potential benefits for treating other neurodegenerative diseases.
Doporučené dávkování a použití
- For Cognitive Impairment: The typical dosage for Galantamine Hydrobromide in treating Alzheimer’s disease ranges from 8 to 24 mg per day, taken in divided doses.
- For Nootropic Use: A lower dosage of 4 mg to 12 mg per day is typically recommended for nootropic effects. However, individuals should consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
How to Store Galantamine Hydrobromide Powder?
Store Galantamine Hydrobromide powder in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Use an airtight container to keep the container tightly sealed and air-sealed to prevent moisture absorption and maintain the compound’s stability.Galantamine Hydrobromide VS Huperzine A
In the field of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Galantamine Hydrobromide (CAS: 1953-04-4) and Huperzine A (CAS: 102518-79-6) represent two distinct approaches to cognitive enhancement through cholinergic modulation. Galantamine Hydrobromide, with its molecular formula C17H22NO3·HBr and molecular weight of 368.27 g/mol, is a tertiary alkaloid derived from several plants including Galanthus species, while Huperzine A, bearing the molecular formula C15H18N2O and a molecular weight of 242.32 g/mol, is a complex sesquiterpene alkaloid isolated from the Chinese club moss Huperzia serrata. Both compounds appear as white crystalline powders, though Galantamine Hydrobromide demonstrates higher water solubility (31.5 mg/mL at 25°C) than Huperzine A’s moderate solubility profile. Their mechanisms of action, while overlapping in their primary function as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, show distinct characteristics: Galantamine Hydrobromide acts as a competitive, reversible inhibitor and uniquely functions as a positive allosteric modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. At the same time, Huperzine A exhibits a more potent and longer-lasting acetylcholinesterase inhibition with additional neuroprotective properties through NMDA receptor antagonism. From a stability standpoint, Galantamine Hydrobromide shows excellent stability under normal storage conditions with a shelf life of up to 3 years. In contrast, Huperzine A demonstrates remarkable stability despite varying environmental conditions due to its unique molecular structure. Regarding regulatory status, Galantamine Hydrobromide holds FDA approval for Alzheimer’s treatment marketed under various brand names. At the same time, Huperzine A is primarily available as a dietary supplement in most countries, though it has been used traditionally in Chinese medicine for centuries.| Funkce | Galantamine Hydrobromide | Huperzine A |
| Číslo CAS | 1953-04-4 | 120786-11-6 |
| Molekulární vzorec | C17H21BrN2O3 | C14H18N2O |
| Molekulová hmotnost | 356.27 g/mol | 242.31 g/mol |
| Primární zdroje | Synthetic (derived from plants) | Chinese club moss (Huperzia serrata) |
| Primární použití | Cognitive enhancement, Alzheimer’s treatment | Cognitive enhancement, neuroprotective |
| Biologická dostupnost | Moderate | High |
Závěr
Galantamine Hydrobromide is a well-established compound with proven cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective effects. It is primarily used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Its ability to increase acetylcholine in the brain helps improve memory, learning, and overall cognitive function. While it is primarily available as a prescription medication, it holds promise for broader applications in mental health and neurodegenerative disease management. Note: This innovative ingredient is for research and dietary use only.Why Choose Nutri Avenue Supplier to Buy Galantamine Hydrobromide Powder?
Nutri Avenue supplies supplemental ingredients and is a trusted FDA-registered supplier of raw materials for dietary supplements. We serve supplement manufacturers, contract manufacturers, and private labellers across North America, Europe, and South America, including key markets such as Mexico, Poland, Hungary, France, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia. Our competitive edge lies in our extensive inventory network, with five strategic locations across the United States, enabling us to offer thousands of raw material products at wholesale prices in bulk quantities. What sets Nutri Avenue apart is our unwavering commitment to quality assurance, demonstrated through comprehensive third-party testing, certificates, and detailed reports. Our established partnerships with significant factories ensure stable and sufficient supply sources for our clients. Whether you need materials delivered by sea, land, or air, our flexible transportation options accommodate diverse logistics requirements. Beyond raw material supply, Nutri Avenue offers comprehensive OEM and ODM services, providing a seamless one-stop solution for customers seeking product customization. Our versatile manufacturing capabilities encompass various formulations, including capsules, soft gels, tablets, powders, and oils, making us the ideal partner for businesses looking to develop and scale their supplement products. For orders and more information, please kontaktujte nás. * U všech výrobků Nutri Avenue lze získat certifikáty ISO.Nejčastější dotazy
1. What is Galantamine Hydrobromide used for?
It primarily treats cognitive impairments, such as Alzheimer’s disease, by improving memory and cognitive function.
2. Can Galantamine Hydrobromide be used for cognitive enhancement?
Galantamine Hydrobromide is sometimes a nootropic supplement to enhance memory, focus, and mental clarity.
3. Are there any side effects of Galantamine Hydrobromide?
Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal issues, headaches, or sleep disturbances. It is essential to start with a low dose and consult a healthcare provider.
4. Is Galantamine Hydrobromide safe for long-term use?
When used as prescribed by a healthcare provider, It is considered safe. However, long-term use should be monitored for potential side effects.
5. Is Galantamine Hydrobromide legal?
Galantamine Hydrobromide is available by prescription in many countries for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders. Always check local regulations before use.
Recenze
Zatím zde nejsou žádné recenze.