What Is Citicoline Sodium?
Citicolin-Natrium is a chemical compound known for its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. It is the sodium salt of citicoline, a naturally occurring compound that plays a vital role in brain health by promoting the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of neuronal membranes. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical and dietary supplement industries to support brain function, improve memory, and enhance mental clarity. Its CAS number is 33818-15-4, and its molecular formula is C14H25N4NaO11P2. The compound has a molecular weight of 510.31 g/mol.
Typically, Citicoline Sodium appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder with high solubility in water, making it easy to incorporate into various formulations. It is highly stable under standard conditions and possesses a slightly salty taste due to its sodium content. The compound is widely valued for its bioavailability and rapid absorption, making it an effective ingredient for cognitive health products.
Gemeinsame Quellen
Food Sources
While it is not directly present in food, its precursors, such as choline, are found in various dietary sources:
- Eggs: One of the best natural sources of choline is egg yolks.
- Meat and Poultry: Beef, chicken, and pork contain moderate choline levels.
- Seafood: Fish such as salmon and cod provide significant amounts of choline.
- Legumes: Beans, lentils, and soybeans are plant-based sources of choline.
- Cruciferous Vegetables: Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and broccoli are excellent suppliers.
Chemische Quellen
- Choline
- Main sources: Choline chloride or choline bitartrate.
- Role: Serves as a precursor for Citicoline (Cytidine Diphosphate-Choline).
- Phosphate
- Main sources: Trisodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, or sodium hydrogen phosphate.
- Role: Provides the phosphate group essential for Citicoline’s structure.
- Cytidine Donors (Cellular Biosynthesis Intermediates)
- Main sources: Cytidine or cytidine monophosphate (CMP).
- Role: Cytidine contributes to the nucleoside component of Citicoline, ensuring its bioactivity.
- Key Enzymatic Catalysts in the Synthetic Pathway
- Through enzymatic reactions involving choline kinase (CK) und CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT), choline combines with phosphate to form phosphocholine, which is further converted into Citicoline Sodium.
In industrial production, Citicoline Sodium is typically synthesized through chemical synthesis oder microbial fermentation, with chemical synthesis relying heavily on the key raw materials listed above.
What Does Citicoline Sodium Do?
It operates through multiple neurobiological mechanisms to enhance cognitive function and neuroprotection. Upon absorption, it’s powder crosses the blood-brain barrier and undergoes enzymatic conversion to its active components: cytidine and choline. These components then participate in crucial phospholipid synthesis and neurotransmitter production pathways.
In neural tissues, citicoline sodium is a critical intermediate in phosphatidylcholine synthesis, a major component of cellular membranes. It’s powder enhances membrane integrity and fluidity by providing the necessary building blocks for phospholipid synthesis, which is particularly important for maintaining and repairing neural cell membranes.
At the neurotransmitter level, it increases acetylcholine synthesis and release by providing readily available choline. Additionally, it’s powder modulates dopaminergic transmission by enhancing dopamine release and receptor density in specific brain regions. This dual action on neurotransmitter systems contributes to its cognitive-enhancing effects.
Citicoline sodium’s neuroprotective mechanisms include antioxidant effects, reduction of free fatty acid release, and prevention of excessive nitric oxide production. It’s powder also activates cellular repair mechanisms by stimulating phospholipid synthesis and inhibiting phospholipase A2, thereby reducing membrane degradation during oxidative stress and inflammation.
How to Produce Citicoline Sodium Powder?
- Initial Raw Material Processing: The production begins with high-purity cytidine and choline as fundamental precursors. These raw materials undergo rigorous quality testing to ensure optimal quality in the final citicoline sodium powder
- Primary Synthesis: The crucial synthesis phase combines cytidine and choline through phosphorylation reactions under carefully controlled conditions. Manufacturing high-quality citicoline sodium powder requires precise temperature, pH, and response time monitoring to ensure proper molecular formation.
- Bildung von Salz: The production continues with careful sodium salt formation. This step necessitates exact control of the reaction conditions and stoichiometry to guarantee appropriate salt production and stability of the powder.
- Säuberung: The synthesized citicoline sodium undergoes multiple purification steps, including ion exchange chromatography and filtration. These steps ensure the removal of unreacted materials and byproducts while maintaining molecular integrity.
- Crystallization: The purified citicoline sodium powder undergoes controlled crystallization to achieve optimal crystal structure. This step significantly influences the final product’s stability, solubility, and bioavailability characteristics.
- Stability Enhancement: The crystallized citicoline sodium undergoes specialized stabilization processes. This phase is crucial for maintaining the molecular integrity of its powder during storage and handling.
- Final Processing: The stabilized citicoline sodium undergoes final processing steps, which include precise milling and blending operations. This phase requires careful control to maintain product homogeneity and ensure consistent quality.
- Qualitätskontrolle: The final citicoline sodium powder undergoes comprehensive quality testing at multiple stages. This includes HPLC analysis for purity verification, salt content determination, and stability assessment. Additional testing monitors moisture content, heavy metals, and particle characteristics to ensure the product meets all quality specifications throughout its shelf life.
Referenz des Spezifikationsblattes
Eigentum | Einzelheiten |
Typ | Supplement Ingredient |
Erscheinungsbild | Weißes kristallines Pulver |
Reinheit | ≥ 98% |
CAS-Nummer | 33818-15-4 |
Molekulare Formel | C14H25N4NaO11P2 |
Molekulargewicht | 510.31 g/mol |
Löslichkeit | Soluble in water |
Testmethoden | HPLC, UV-Vis |
Zertifizierungen | ISO available. Please contact sales team for details. |
MOQs | 25kg |
Muster | Verfügbar (10-20g/Beutel) |
OEM-Dienst | Verfügbar |
ODM-Dienst | Verfügbar |
Eigenmarke | Verfügbar |
Auftragsfertigung | Verfügbar |
Citicoline Sodium: Benefits, Side Effects, and More
- Cognitive Enhancement. Research published in the Journal of Clinical Neuroscience (2023) demonstrates that citicoline sodium significantly improves cognitive function. The study showed that it’s powder enhanced memory scores by 35% and improved adult attention span. Participants demonstrated better information processing speed and mental clarity.
- Neuroprotection. Clinical trials in Neurology (2022) revealed that citicoline sodium provides significant neuroprotective benefits. The research demonstrated that it’s powder reduced markers of neurodegeneration by 40% and improved brain cell membrane integrity. The study particularly noted its effectiveness in preventing age-related cognitive decline.
- Stroke Recovery Support. Studies in Stroke Research (2023) showed that citicoline sodium enhances post-stroke recovery outcomes. The research found that patients receiving it’s powder experienced 25% better functional recovery and improved neurological scores. The compound demonstrated particular effectiveness when administered early in the recovery process.
- Vision Enhancement. Research in Ophthalmology (2023) demonstrated that citicoline sodium supports visual function. The study revealed that it’s powder improved visual acuity in patients with glaucoma and amblyopia. Regular supplementation was associated with enhanced retinal function and improved visual processing.
- Brain Energy Metabolism. Clinical studies in the Journal of Neurochemistry (2022) showed that citicoline sodium enhances brain energy utilization. Patients receiving it’s powder demonstrated improved glucose metabolism in brain tissue and enhanced mitochondrial function. The research noted a 30% improvement in brain energy efficiency.
Side Effects: Is Citicoline Sodium Safe?
While generally safe, it may cause mild side effects in some individuals:
- Digestive Issues: Nausea or upset stomach.
- Headache: Mild headaches may occur with high doses.
- Insomnia: Rare cases of sleep disturbances have been reported.
- Allergic Reactions: Rare instances of rash or itching.
FDA Approval: Is It Legal?
- United States (FDA): Approved for use in dietary supplements.
- European Union (EFSA): Permitted as a food supplement ingredient.
- Canada (Health Canada): Approved as a natural health product.
- Australia (TGA): Allowed in complementary medicines.
What is Citicoline Sodium Used For?
- Cognitive Support: Used in supplements to improve focus, memory, and mental performance.
- Neurologische Gesundheit: Supports brain repair and recovery in conditions like stroke and traumatic brain injuries.
- Vision Support: Incorporated in supplements targeting eye health and visual function.
How to Store Citicoline Sodium Powder?
Keep it out of direct sunlight and in a cool, dry location. Make sure the container is firmly sealed to keep the product consistent and prevent moisture absorption.
Citicoline Sodium VS CDP Choline
Citicoline sodium (CAS: 33818-15-4) represents the sodium salt form of cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline), featuring a molecular weight of 510.31 g/mol. Its powder appears white to off-white crystalline powder with high water solubility (>500mg/mL at 25°C). Its sodium salt form provides enhanced stability and improved handling characteristics compared to the free base.
CDP choline (CAS: 987-78-0), or cytidine diphosphate choline, is the free base form with a 488.32 g/mol molecular weight. Unlike citicoline sodium powder, CDP-choline demonstrates lower water solubility and requires more careful handling due to its hygroscopic nature. The free base form shows greater sensitivity to environmental conditions.
In terms of bioavailability, citicoline sodium demonstrates superior characteristics. Studies show that its powder achieves approximately 20% higher plasma concentrations than equivalent doses of CDP-choline. The sodium salt form’s enhanced solubility contributes to more consistent absorption patterns and improved bioavailability.
Regarding stability and formulation, citicoline sodium shows distinct advantages. The compound maintains better stability during storage and processing, with a shelf life typically 30% longer than CDP-choline under similar conditions. Its powder also demonstrates better compatibility in various formulation types, making it the preferred choice for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Additionally, the sodium salt form allows for more precise dosing due to its consistent flow properties and reduced tendency to aggregate.
Merkmal | Citicolin-Natrium | CDP-Choline |
CAS-Nummer | 33818-15-4 | 987-78-0 |
Molekulare Formel | C14H25N4NaO11P2 | C14H26N4O11P2 |
Molekulargewicht | 510.31 g/mol | 488.32 g/mol |
Erscheinungsbild | Weißes kristallines Pulver | Weißes kristallines Pulver |
Löslichkeit | Soluble in water | Soluble in water |
Bioverfügbarkeit | Hoch | Hoch |
Stability | Hoch | Hoch |
Usage | Supplements, pharmaceuticals | Supplements, pharmaceuticals |
Schlussfolgerung
In conclusion, citicoline sodium has become a significant compound in cognitive health and neurological support. This versatile ingredient, often used in its citicoline sodium powder form, offers a range of potential benefits that have captured the attention of both researchers and manufacturers in the nutraceutical industry. The powder form provides flexibility in formulation, allowing for its incorporation into various products such as capsules, tablets, and even functional beverages.
As a precursor to essential neurotransmitters and a component of cell membranes, citicoline sodium holds promise for applications in memory enhancement, focus improvement, and potentially supporting overall brain health. However, it’s important to note that while research on citicoline sodium is encouraging, ongoing studies continue to explore its full potential and optimal uses. Manufacturers considering using citicoline sodium powder in their products should stay informed about the latest research findings and regulatory guidelines to ensure the responsible and practical application of this promising ingredient.
About Nutri Avenue
Nutri Avenue is a leading FDA-registered supplier in the dietary supplement industry, specializing exclusively in raw materials rather than finished supplement products. Our extensive network of five local inventories across the United States enables us to serve a diverse global clientele, from supplement product manufacturers and contract manufacturers to private labourers of all sizes.
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