What is L Lysine?
L-Lysine stands as one of the nine essential amino acids fundamental to human health, first isolated in 1889 from casein. Designated with CAS number 56-87-1, L-Lysine presents as L-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid with the molecular formula C6H14N2O2 and a molecular weight of 146.19 g/mol. In its pure form, L-Lysine appears as white crystalline powder, highly soluble in water and characterized by its stability under normal conditions. This essential amino acid plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and various metabolic processes within living organisms.
The discovery and industrial production of L-Lysine marked a significant milestone in nutritional biochemistry. Initially extracted from natural protein sources, modern biotechnology has revolutionized its production methods, making it more accessible for various applications across different industries. The compound’s unique chemical structure, featuring two amino groups, contributes to its distinctive properties and biological functions, making it an indispensable component in both human and animal nutrition.
The key role of L-Lysine extends beyond its nutritional value. In industrial applications, it serves as a building block for various biochemical processes, acts as a supplement in animal feed, and functions as an important ingredient in human dietary supplements. Its versatility and essential nature make it a critical component in modern nutrition and biotechnology sectors
Common Sources
Natural sources of L Lysine powder predominantly include protein-rich foods such as legumes, dairy products, and various meat sources. However, commercial L-Lysine production primarily relies on fermentation processes using specifically engineered strains of Corynebacterium glutamicum or Escherichia coli. This biotechnological approach ensures consistent quality and meets the growing global demand for this essential amino acid.
How Does It Work?
L-Lysine functions as a crucial amino acid that plays multiple roles in the body’s biochemical processes. Once ingested, it is absorbed in the small intestine through specific amino acid transporters and enters the bloodstream, where it participates in protein synthesis, particularly in the production of collagen and muscle tissue. At a molecular level, L-Lysine serves as a precursor for various metabolites, including carnitine, which is essential for fatty acid metabolism and energy production. The amino acid’s unique chemical structure, featuring two amino groups, enables it to form cross-links in collagen molecules, contributing to proper tissue structure and wound healing. Additionally, L-Lysine competes with arginine for cellular uptake, which has implications for managing certain viral infections, particularly herpes simplex virus replication. Through its involvement in calcium absorption and collagen formation, L-Lysine also supports bone health and tissue maintenance, while its role in the synthesis of antibodies and hormones underlies its importance in immune function and various metabolic processes.
Production Process
- Growth Medium Preparation
The initial phase involves creating a sterile nutrient-rich environment by combining carefully balanced carbon sources, primarily using molasses or glucose as the base ingredient. Essential nutrients and minerals are then added and sterilized to create an optimal growth medium that will support microbial proliferation.
- Microbial Inoculation
Carefully selected strains of microorganisms, primarily Corynebacterium glutamicum, are introduced into the prepared medium under strictly controlled conditions. The initial culture is allowed to develop and stabilize, establishing a robust microbial population capable of efficient L-Lysine production.
- Fermentation Process (48-72 hours)
The cultured medium is transferred to industrial-scale bioreactors where critical parameters including temperature, pH, oxygen levels, and nutrient concentrations are continuously monitored and precisely adjusted. During this 48-72 hour period, the microorganisms actively convert the carbon sources into L-Lysine through their metabolic pathways under optimal conditions.
- Downstream Processing
The fermentation broth undergoes a series of separation processes to isolate the L-Lysine, beginning with cell separation and proceeding through concentration phases. The concentrated solution then undergoes crystallization and careful drying procedures to obtain pure L-Lysine crystals.
- Quality Control and Testing
Comprehensive quality analysis is performed to verify the chemical purity, microbiological safety, and physical properties of the produced L-Lysine. These rigorous tests ensure compliance with regulatory specifications and industry standards while maintaining consistent product quality.
- Final Processing
The verified product undergoes standardization procedures and is packaged in appropriate containers with complete batch documentation and tracking information. The final packaged product is then stored under controlled conditions to maintain its purity and stability until distribution.
Bulk L-Lysine Powder Specifications
Type | Supplement Ingredient |
Appearance | Fine white crystalline powder |
Purity | 80% |
Certifications | Halal, Kosher, etc. |
Test Methods | HPLC, GC, etc. |
MOQ (minimum order quantity) | 1kg |
Sample | Available (10-20g/bag) |
OEM Service | Available, such as capsules, tablets, pills, etc. |
ODM Service | Available |
Private Label | Available |
Contract Manufacturing | Available |
L Lysine: Benefits, Side Effects, And More
Scientific research has established multiple significant benefits of L-Lysine supplementation. Clinical studies demonstrate its crucial role in collagen formation, with research published in the Journal of Nutritional Science showing improved calcium absorption and retention when adequate L-Lysine levels are maintained. A comprehensive study involving 624 participants demonstrated a 50% reduction in recurrent cold sore outbreaks among those receiving L-Lysine supplementation.
Additionally, research indicates L-Lysine’s importance in muscle protein synthesis. Studies have shown that adequate L-Lysine intake supports nitrogen retention and protein utilization, particularly beneficial in athletic performance and recovery. Scientific data suggests that L-Lysine supplementation may enhance immune system function, with studies showing improved resistance to various pathogens.
Industry Applications and Uses
Dietary Supplements: Standalone supplements and multi-ingredient formulations
Sports Nutrition: Performance enhancement products and recovery formulas
Animal Feed: Livestock nutrition and pet food fortification
Pharmaceutical Applications: Various medical formulations
Cosmetic Industry: Skincare and hair care product formulations
Standard Dosage and Usage
For bulk manufacturing purposes, typical formulations range from 500mg to 1000mg per serving. Industrial applications generally follow these guidelines:
Standard supplementation: 1-3g daily
Performance nutrition products: 2-4g daily
Specialized formulations: Up to 6g daily, divided into multiple doses
Safety and Side Effects
While L-Lysine demonstrates a strong safety profile, certain considerations warrant attention. Occasional gastrointestinal discomfort may occur at high doses, typically above 10g daily. Clinical observations indicate that excessive intake might interfere with arginine absorption, necessitating balanced supplementation approaches.
L-Lysine vs Lysine
L-Lysine specifically refers to the bioactive form of lysine utilized by living organisms. While lysine is the general term, L-Lysine denotes the specific stereoisomer that participates in biological processes. The L-configuration is crucial for proper absorption and utilization within biological systems.
The chemical structure and properties remain identical between L-Lysine and lysine, but the terminology distinction is important for regulatory and scientific accuracy. L-Lysine represents the naturally occurring form found in proteins and the form produced through commercial fermentation processes.
L-Arginine vs L-Lysine
L-Arginine (CAS: 74-79-3, molecular formula: C6H14N4O2, molecular weight: 174.20 g/mol) and L-Lysine, while both basic amino acids, serve distinct biological functions. L-Arginine appears as white crystalline powder and exhibits different solubility characteristics compared to L-Lysine.
These amino acids often compete for absorption, making their interaction particularly relevant in supplementation strategies. While L-Lysine primarily supports protein synthesis and immune function, L-Arginine plays a crucial role in nitric oxide production and cardiovascular health.
How should this ingredient be stored?
L-Lysine requires specific storage conditions to maintain optimal stability:
Temperature: Store between 15-25°C (59-77°F)
Humidity: Maintain relative humidity below 60%
Light exposure: Protect from direct sunlight
Container requirements: Store in airtight, food-grade containers
Shelf Life and Packaging
Under recommended storage conditions, L-Lysine maintains stability for:
Bulk powder: 24-36 months
Finished products: 18-24 months (depending on formulation)
Why Choose Nutri Avenue Inc?
If you Nutri Avenue Inc. stands as a premier FDA-registered supplier of dietary supplement raw materials, specializing in bulk ingredient distribution and customization services. Our extensive infrastructure includes five strategically located U.S. warehouses, ensuring efficient distribution and reliable supply chain management. With comprehensive third-party testing protocols and extensive certification documentation, we maintain the highest quality standards in the industry. In addition, we also offer OEM/ODM services for supplement manufacturers.
Our business model caters specifically to supplement manufacturers, contract manufacturers, and private labelers, offering competitive wholesale pricing and flexible minimum order quantities. The company’s global reach extends across North America, Europe, and South America, serving diverse markets including Mexico, Poland, Hungary, France, the United Kingdom, and various South American nations.